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PARAPSYCHOLOGY IN THE USSR.
Document Type:
CREST
Collection:
STARGATE
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
K
Document Page Count:
6
Document Creation Date:
November 4, 2016
Document Release Date:
April 5, 2000
Sequence Number:
1
Case Number:
Content Type:
OUTLINE
File:
Attachment Size
PDF icon CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9.pdf 385.68 KB
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Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 I. Reports of studies of psi in the USSR go back to the mid 19th century. According to MARTIN EBON, in his book, "PSI IN THE USSR, RELIGION WITHOUT A CROSS" (see Appendix 1, Reference Literature), Russian scientists and laity have been researching various parapsychological phenomena for decades befor.e the 1917 October Revolution. - From 1857 to 1867, the newspaper "WESTNIK EUROPY" in Petersburg appeared, which dealt with mediums and other openly unexplainable phenomena. - The medium phenomenon was reexamined for its veracity around 1860 by a special committee of the Physical Society of the University of Petersburg, which was founded just for this purpose, and a dispute developed between Mendelejev and the then-prominent spiritualist A.N. Aksakov over the presumptions and methodologies of the study. Mendelejev had openly exposed fraudulent mediums. - The oldest known report of telepathy experiments in Russia describes, as does EBON in his book, telepathy experiments in Tashkent through Alexander Wilkins around 1870, and was published in Paris in the "Annals of Physical Science". - The Russian Society for Experimental Psychology was founded in 1891. It was interested in clairvoyance, psychometry and poltergeist phenomena. Materialism led to a search for new, new, no longer religious truths. Hypnosis, seances, with their connections to ghosts, and a string of unexplainable, supernatural phenomena such as thought transference and other related areas were popular. - So, research in parapsychology in the USSR was about the same as in the USA and other European countries up until the time of the industrial revolution. II. EBON lists other scientists and works in parapsychology which occurred between the 1917 October revolution and the mid 'SOs: - VLADIMIR M. BECHTEREV (Leningrad): mental communication between dogs and humans. - P.P. LAZAREV (1922): published "Psycho-chemical Principles of the Higher Nerve Energies", in which the possibility of telepathic communication due to neurological functions was studied. - B.H. KASCHINSKI: conducted other pertinent studies of mental telepathy with dogs, and published a book on thought transference in Moscow in 1923. - LEONID L. VASILIEV (died in 1966). A student of BECHTEREV, joined Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792ROO0500210001-9 the Institute for Brain Research in Leningrad in 1921, and became a member of the committee to study mental suggestion (the expression for telepathy at that time). - 1924: The 2nd All-Russia Congress for Psychoneurology recommended a joint-work of the Russian scientists and the International Committee for Parapsychological Studies. - About 1925: The selected Committee for the Study of Mental Suggestion came about through the Society for Neurology, Reflexology, Hypnosis and Biophysics was ended. - 1928: The Institute of Brain Research in Leningrad began a study of the possible practical factors of telepathic phenomena from person to person, resulting in the conclusion that the phenomena of thought transference do not rest on "electromagnetism". - 1959: Soviet parapsychology received strong impetus through the french publication of supposed american ship-to-shore telepathy attempts with the atomic submarine Nautilus. These attempts were officially denied by the Americans. - In April, 1960 L.L. VASILIEV, according to Shiela Ostrander and Lynn Schroeder in their book "PSI" (see Appendix 1, Reference Literature), reprimanded soviet scientists, referring to these Nautilus reports, for their considerable number of ESP and telepathy studies which were carried out under Stalin's regime, but were as yet unpublished. He stressed the need to shake off the prejudices against parapsychology. He is convinced that the discovery of ESP energy will be of the same significance as atomic energy. +Jvi. L.L. vasiiiev received the leadership of the first ESP laboratories sponsored by the soviet administration; the Special Laboratory for Parapsychology at the University of Leningrad. After Vasiliev's death in 1966, the center of soviet parapsychological research partially shifted from Leningrad to Moscow, where IPPOLIT KOGAN, Director of the Section for Bioinformation on the totally soviet scientific and technical A S . . Popov Institute for Radiotechnology and Electrical Communication was located. EDUARD K. NAUMOV and KARL NIKOLAEV were known at this time through telepathy experiments which were conducted over the distance of Moscow to Leningrad. - In the summer of 1968 a conference in Moscow on "Technical Parapsychology" took place. - NINA KULAGINA and WOLF MESSING are the two most famous soviet "stars" of this time with supposedly especially great parapsychological talent. N. KULAGINA fascinated onlookers with Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792ROO0500210001-9 AR~ri-ved For Rele P96-00792R000500210001-9 psychokinetic abilities, in which she made compass needles and other articles move with an energy which seemed to radiate from her hands. W. MESSING held large crowds of spectators with his telepathic exhibitions in Bann. - In July, 1970, the russian newspaper "Radio-Technika" published research results of the above mentioned professor KOGAN in Moscow, which had supposedly convincingly proven the existence of telepathic possibilities through statistical methods. S. OSTRANDER and L. SCHROEDER in their book "PSI" maintained that while, by 1970 there were already more than 30 centers in the USSR for the study of paranormal phenomena, and that by 1967 there were already yearly budgets of at least 13 million rubles had been put at their disposal for these studies, and parapsychology in the USSR enjoyed official sanction, VLADIMIR LVOV's article in the newspaper LE MONDE (4 AUG 76) denied its (official) recognition in the USSR. He logically pointed out in his article that it is a mistake to accept that parapsychology enjoyed official recognition in the USSR. Moreover, the truth was simply that, parapsychology in the Soviet Union was not recognized as an official branch of science. No institute and no research center in the Soviet Union devoted itself to telepathy or psychokinesis, etc., but there were simply a group of amateurs who associated themselves with the paranormal. According to EBON, this opposing opinion makes clear the unpleasant situation in which parapsychology found itself in Russia at this time. It held no official status, but individuals and private groups could carry on such studies without special official intervention. Further examples of the historical development of soviet parapsychology are found listed in Appendix 1, Reference literature of western authors. The book "PSI" by S. OSTRANDER and L. SCHROEDER contains an extensive source of proof. III. A literature search on the theme, made in open-source databanks in December, 1990, for the time around 1968, turned up 27 institutes and/or centers in which researchers were occupied with paranormal phenomena, in the widest sense of the term (see List of Institutes, Appendix 2). Here were explored practically all aspects of parapsychology, such as the general concept "ESP" (in German, ASW), and the subject reports of telepathy, telepathic hypnosis, clairvoyance, as well as the concept of "psychokinesis" (the physical influence of man over matter), which encompasses the study of the human biofield, the application of the KIRLIAN effect, and healing through laying on of hands. There appear to be the reports of telepathy and telepathic hypnos like hypnosis per se, which the most basic research and the widest development of reports of soviet parapsycholo Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792ROO0500210001-9 SG1 E In 1962 L.L. VASILIEV, in his book on experimental studies of "mental suggestion", showed the advanced position of (such) pertinent research in the USSR. Efforts toward the aimed telepathic manipulation of human consciousness seem to have played a large role in telepathic hypnosis. Research and application of hypnosis is wide spread in the USSR. It is used in medicine, psychotherapy, physiology, psychology, psychiatry, and in experimental education. Also the possibility of the development and application of drugs for the augmentation of hypnosis was researched. Soviet scientists such as L.L. VASILIEV, IN. KOGAN, V. MUTSCHALL, V.F. BASSIN, M.V. AVAKUMOV, I.D. DUBROVSKI, V.L. RAIKOV and P.A. SLOBODYANIK, with their co-authors have made names for themselves in the above named reports for the timespan of 1968 on. The exceptional works published just in the 3 years 1969-1971 by S.A. EGOROV, P.V. ZAGRYADSKI, F.D. MORDVINOV and N.B. YAKOVETS and their co-authors from the Kirov Military-Medical Academy in Leningrad, fall especially into the area of psychophysiological research in connection with ergonometric questions, and only peripherally have something to do with parapsychology (see also Appendix 3, Author list). III. It was reported again and again in the rainbow press that the military and the secret police were behind the russian efforts to get a scientific grip on parapsychology. The contents of these statements could never be substantiated and the soviet open-source literature on parapsychology also gives no reliable evidence. Certain revelations in the past years in the USSR have made assumptions that research has been done here - but these and the research results were and will be held in secret. Signs of the efforts of soviet parapsychologists to use telepathy as a world-wide telecommunications system for cosmonauts between one another and between earth and the cosmonauts in space were already visible in the 50's. In 1967, the russian trade paper "Marine Report" wrote that cosmonauts in space can "get together (mentally) with each other easier than with people on earth. Psi-training was said to have been taken up on the cosmonauts training program. Supposedly, phenomenal psi experiments between soviet cosmonauts and scientists on the earth were said to have been conducted. The dates and results of these experiments, however, were not published in open-source literature, so a firm evaluation of these efforts is not possible. In a purely news-report fashion, the subject-complexity of parapsychology in the USSR and its application by the military and the KGB is contradictory, based on, in part, conflicting rumors: In 1977 a specialist in Psychiatry from the Serbski Institute in Moscow, with a good possibility of insight into the situation declared in an article named "CONTROLLED BY THE KGB" which appeared in "Der SPIEGEL" (4 JUL 77), that Psi in the USSR was an unrealistic sensationalism of half-truths and the fantasies of Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792ROO0500210001-9 Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 Journalists. Parapsychology was not a recognized science in the USSR. The arrest of the American journalist TOTH at that time didn't reveal that parapsychology in the USSR could have been seen as a state secret. It could have dealt with a completely normal paper of the KGB which a western journalist took from a soviet citizen. SG1 B In the USSR, "Psi capabilities of biological systems" is the theme of exhaustive studies. The buzz-words for it are "Bioenergy" and "Hypersensitivity". In the area of the so-called EMV-/EMC research a newly named scientific trend, under the buzz-word "Psychotronic", shall be researched (to see) if it is actually a latent human possibility to be able to activate one's bioelectric field to join with distant objects and subjects. The principal of "Laying on of the hands" as a diagnostic tool for the sick will be conducted in the Poly-clinic of the State Planning Committee of the USSR in Moscow, which is situated directly under the Health Ministry. To the list of institutes which are occupied with the problem of "the nature of the biological energyfield" belong, among others: The Institute for Psychology, Moscow, 37a Vavilova St. (Director, B.F. Lomov), fields of study: research of the material basis of the Psyche; psychological problems in its relationship to the driving of modern technology; Psychophysiology of the brain. These take place in cooperation with work in "the laboratory for cell physiology and synaptic control" of the "Institute for Higher Nerve Activity and Neurophysiology", Moscow, and with the "Department of Kinetics Chemical and Biological Processes" of the Institute of Chemical Physics (N.N. Semenov)", Moscow. This project also addresses research into the "KIRLIAN-effect", the physical proof of "finger radiation", which, for example, might allow lay practitioners to make diagnoses, to achieve healings with this particular process, triggered on the skin of the human body or on the surface of various plants. Equipment necessary for the proof of the "KIRLIAN-effect" was developed and built in the "Special Construction Bureau" for the "biological apparatus building" in Puschtschino. Connections with the application of psychoparmacopia Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9 as a stimulation for the PSI ability should be undertaken at the Pacific Institute for Bioorganic Chemistry" in Vladivostok. It is interesting that "materialistic science" (tries) first of all to prove that all events are physically explainable. On this basis, the proof of the appearance of "rays" which come from living things demands a great deal of dedicated research. By the same token, it is also interesting to find out the possibilities of strengthening and making this type of "rays" useful for various applications. The applications span from medical fields, like diagnosis and healing in a relatively simple (and cheap) way by influencing of the "psychically sick" (as it is officially called), to the communication between living beings over short or long distances, without tapping into or disturbing such a communications system. In November 1986 a western scientist with the opportunity of good insight into the research and application of medical hypnosis in the USSR transmitted the following details: Medical hypnosis is used intensively in the RGW field in the USSR. The primary work "Chemical and Experimental Hypnosis" by WILLIAM S. KROGER serves as the groundwork for the basis of corresponding intended research. The basic research for the subject area of "medical hypnosis" is carried out in the USSR at the Pavlov Institute and the Institute of Psychology in Moscow, as well as in "some branches" in Siberia. It deals with a known discipline within "psychosomatic medical word", and this hypnosis will be inserted into several areas of operative medicine, but also therapy for the alleviation and elimination of pain, as it deals with neurologically conditioned pain. Beyond that, various groups have been schooled in the basis of the so-called "hypnotic Influence", such as a scientist to whom important assignments have been given, or those appointed to special interest organizations in western countries, and also cosmonauts taking a 3-month hypnosis training course. That means that if the person tries to gain a "photographic memory", it enables him to faithfully recapture visuals, audials, and even after a longer time, pictures and letters. Insofar as the above contents of these "service reports" which refer to the tangle of military or KGB interests, are whole, but also only partly proven, they cannot be judged as undoubtable. APPENDIX 1 contains a reference list of western authors and a bibliography of their related works. APPENDIX 2 contains a reference list of soviet institutions with contributing authors and the titles of their works. APPENDIX 3 contains a reference list of soviet authors and a bibliography of their related works. Approved For Release 2000/08/15: CIA-RDP96-00792R000500210001-9
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EXTRACTS FROM REPORT (Sanitized). SECTION IV - ESP AND PSYCHOKINESIS
Document Type:
CREST
Collection:
STARGATE
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
S
Document Page Count:
9
Document Creation Date:
November 4, 2016
Document Release Date:
October 22, 2002
Sequence Number:
24
Case Number:
Publication Date:
July 1, 1972
Content Type:
PAPER
File:
Attachment Size
PDF icon CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6.pdf 709.14 KB
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~I 06-007878000500'202 200 SG1A July 1972 1. (U) The reader by this time has realized that it is very difficult to speak of one area of psychic phenomenon without overlapping into other areas. There really can be no distinct separation, for example, between apports and certain aspects of telepathy; hypnosis also enters into this area. In an attempt to illustrate the various subjects in parapsychology, however, artificial sections were established. This is the reason for a separate part in apports and ESP. Some aspects of hypnosis, depending on its ultimate use, falls within parapsychology, some areas into medicine; therefore, hypnosis is presented as a separate section outside of this parapsychology discussion. 2. (U) Soviet research in ESP was started in the 1920's at Leningrad University by V.M. Bekhterev. In his early work, Bekhterev collaborated with V.L. Durov to investigate the effects of mental suggestion on a group of performing dogs (62). It was believed that telepathic communication depended on electromagnetic radiation. Doctor L.L. Vasilev (95-97), shown in Illustration One, at the Bekhterev Brain Institute set out to identify these electromagnetic waves that carry telepathy. By 1937, Vasilev had amassed evidence that known electromagnetic waves do not carry telepathy. Tests were conducted in electrically shielded chambers and over extreme distances denying the passage of electro- magnetic fields (98). Some of the long range telepathy experiments have been published (63,99,100) explaining the various techniques employed including classical tests with Zener cards and more unique tests with strobe lights and codes. Illustration One - Professor L.L. Vasilev, pioneer Soviet para- psychologist considered the father of Soviet psychical research. ... 31 Approved For Release~902/yl_0 pA} PP96-007878000500250024-6 Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 I1C111SSI FI E?) July 1972 3. (U) Professor L. Vasilev died in late 1965 or early 1966 and the task of continuing telepathy research was taken by Doctor I. Kogan. Doctor Kogan is chairman of the Bio-Information Section of the Popov Radio and Technical Institute in Moscow. This individ- ual is still trying to wed telepathy to the electromagnetic spectrum (101,102). Discussion as to the existence of telepathy has been bandied about the Soviet Union (103) and elsewhere (104) for some time. For the sake of research the Soviet Union accepts the validity of ESP even though the argument as to the mode of transmission continues. Professor E.K Naumov (105), Chairman of the Division of Technical Parapsychology at the A.S. Popov Institute mentioned above, conducted long range telepathy tests from Moscow to several other cities. Illustration Two is a photograph of Naumov with associates. Illustration Two - Sender Y. Kamenshi (left), Soviet physicist, and receiver K. Nikolaev, Soviet actor, with para- psychologist Edward K. Naumov (far right). I N'1CLAS&SIFID Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 I I July 19 /Z 4. (U) In 1967, the Soviet Maritime News reported, "Cosmonauts, when in orbit, seem to be able to communicate telepathically more easily with each other than with people on earth. A psi (short for psychic faculty) training system has been incorporated in the cosmonaut training program," but the News provided no further details. Some informal reports relayed to Ostrander and Schroeder (106) indicate that the Soviets are working on psi systems for space use, involving not just telepathy, but also precognition. 6. (U) As mentioned above, the Soviets seem preoccupied with the search for the energy that carries or facilitates telepathy transmission. Is it electromagnetic or not? The search for this unknown energy has led the Soviets to Kirlian photography; named after its inventors Semyon and Valentina Kirlian. The Kirlians developed a technique of photographing with a high frequency electrical field involving a specially constructed high frequency spark generator, tuned up and down between 75,000 to 200,000 electrical oscillations per second. Their first photographs showed turquoise and reddish-yellow patterns of flares coming out of specific channels within leaves. A magnified picture of a finger showed craters of light and flares (Illustration Three). By the 1960s research on bioluminescence revealed by Kirlian photog- raphy was going on in many Soviet universities. Perfected techniques of photographing the play of high-frequency currents on humans, plants and animals, as well as on inaminate matter have set the Soviets on some striking discoveries about the energetical nature of man. "Bio-plasma" is a term coined by the Soviets for bio- luminescent phenomenon or energy. Scientists at the Kazakh State University at Alma-ata have found that illnesses tend to show up in advance as a disordered play of flares from the "bio-plasma" long before they manifest in the physical body. According to Ostrander and Schroeder, the Soviets may be attempting to link Kirlian photography with computers, among other things, to instantly analyze the spectra of colors appearing in the vari-colored flares from the living body. 33 NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION Approved For Release 2002/11/6Fr,A-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 SG1A SG1 B Approved For Release 20T ILIB : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 July 1972 Illustration Three - Upper photograph displays flares of energy from fingers of the left and right hand of an individual by Kirlian photography. Lower photograph shows the fingers of three different people and how the aura of "energy" of each remains intact, yet interplays in long thread like fibers in the open area between them. 34 NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION Approved For Release 2002/ PCIMP?~-00787R000500250024-6 (This page is UNCL F Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 0-IFIDIMILL SG1A July 1 7 SG1 B 8. (U) Doctor A. Podshibyakin, an electrophysiologist at the Institute of Clinical Physiology in Kiev, has found that by charting acupuncture points a correlation exists between the "bio-plasma" and changes on the surface of the sun. At the exact moment solar flares (sun spots) occur, there are changes in the electrical potential of the skin's acupuncture points. These electrical charges are measured by a tobiscope (probably a simple wheatstone bridge device). In some way, the "bio-plasma" of the body is sensitive to these solar explosions the instant they occur even though it takes about two days for the cosmic particles to reach the earth. 9. (U) The most significant use of Kirlian photography is in the area of psychokinesis or mind over matter (PK). Doctor Genady Sergeyev (75) of the A.A. Uktomskii Military Institute in Leningrad believes Kirlian photography may uncover the mechanism of PK. Sergeyev is a prominent mathematician for the Soviet military who works closely with an electrophysiologist from the University of Leningrad, Doctor L. Pavlova. Sergeyev has devised important mathematical and statistical methods for analyzing the EEG (107) which allowed parapsychologists to follow and depict the actions of telepathy in the brain (108). The type of work reported by Sergeyev in 1967 and 1968 is just now beginning to appear in the US efforts to understand the transmission of telepathy (109,110). Sergeyev has conducted several years of intensive lab research on the outstanding PK psychic in Leningrad, Nina Kulagina (pseudonym Nelya Mikhailova). Illustration Four is a photograph of Doctor G. Sergeyev and Illustration Five is a photograph of Mrs. Kulagina. Sergeyev registered heightened biological lumi- nescence radiating from Kulagina's eyes during the apparent movement of objects by PK. Sergeyev postulates that the "bio-plasma" of the human body must interact with the environment to produce PK. Sergeyev emphasizes when target objects are placed in a vacuum, Kulagina is unable to move them. Barcus (111) in the United States reports some unusual occurrences during psychic photography especially of the eyes. Reportedly, Kulagina has caused the movement of a wide range of non-magnetic objects: (under strict scientific control) large crystal bowls, clock pendulums, bread, 35 NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION > ! Approved For Release 2002/ J 6P96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Release Q Ll-11 July 1972 8 : CIA-RDP96-00787ROO0500250024-6 L matches, etc. In one test, a raw egg was placed in a salt solution inside a sealed aquarium six feet away from her. Researchers report she was able to use PK to separate the yoke from the white of the egg. Observations by Western scientists of Mrs. Kulagina's PK ability has been reported with verification of her authentic ability (112,113). These same Western scientists have reported that as of February 1971, they have not been able to visit or observe Mrs. Kulagina. A veil of secrecy has been placed on Sergeyev and Mrs. Kulagina for unknown reasons. 10. (U) Rather than simply observing PK, the Soviets typically turned to instrumentation. Mrs. Kulagina was subjected to a ' number of physiological electronic measuring devices and tested for important body functions during her PK demonstrations. The Soviets found that at the moment an object begins to move, all of Mrs. Kulagina's body processes speed up drastically - heart, breathing, brain activity - and the electromagnetic fields around her body all begin to pulse in rhythm. Soviet researchers postulate that it was these rhythmic "vibrations" that cause objects to be attracted or repelled to her. Illustration Six shows a photographic sequence of Kulagina's PK ability. SG1 B 12. (U) Space does not permit a discussion on other important parapsychological phenomena such as eyeless sight (75,114-129), which appeared to be more of a fad than anything else. However since the mid 1960s, the "eyeless sight" fad has subsided and serious research has proceeded quietly at the State Pedagogical Institute in Sverdlovsk, off bounds to foreigners (75). Space in this report does not permit a discussion of psychotronic genera- tors, devices which are reported to be able to store human bio-plasmic forces for later use (75). For further reading on ESP, see the non-cited bibliography; Section V, numbers 12-30. NO FOREIGN DISSEMINATION CONFIIENTIAL Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 WCLPSSIFIED SG1A July 19 72 Illustration Four - Photograph of G.A. Sergeyev, prominent scientist at A.A. Uktomskii Military Institute, Leningrad with an assistant. Illustration Five - Nina Kulagina, who reportedly moves objects by sheer will (PK). l1ICtASSIFIED Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Releas1 ,2Qp ~~1I1 CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 July 1972 Illustration Six This series of photos shows Nina Kulagina moving a metallic cigar tube by PK. Scale in background is in centimeters. 38 UNCLASSIFIED Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6 Approved For Release 2002/11/18 : CIA-RDP96-00787R000500250024-6
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